Building team Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Building group - Essay Example Likely, the ineffective chiefs are surrendering it over to the colleagues to choose the pioneer among themselves. At the point when this occurs, the procedure of choice of the group chief may get confounded as there is only one post and competitors are many. In different cases, everyone is hesitant to be a pioneer since greater power accompanies greater duty. At the point when the advantages of having greater authority are very little, there isn't a lot of fascination in turning into a pioneer. To maintain a strategic distance from these intricacies, it is a decent practice for the chief to choose the pioneer from among the colleagues himself/herself. Notwithstanding improving the procedure, this would add to the validity and unwavering quality of the pioneer in the perspective on the adherents since the chief put his/her trust in the individual chose as the pioneer. Determination of the colleagues is a specialized procedure, and requires information on the individual gifts of individuals by the selector to frame the correct group. The administrators should choose various colleagues having various types of aptitudes and gifts to maintain a strategic distance from redundancy of abilities and battles about jobs (National Institute for Urban School Improvement, 2005, p. 3). Refereeing in collaboration is of prime significance. A group contains individuals with clashing perspectives and assessments, so they may as often as possible emit into broken clashes, in this manner, influencing their own, just as the team’s, execution in general in a negative way. Goof rehearses in refereeing are full-time observing, and foundation of a formal or casual code of morals from the very beginning. It is principally the leader’s duty to clarify the devotees which practices are grievous or unsatisfactory and might bring about the executor’s liabilities as well as punishments and what practices are sufficient to make the agent qualified for remuneration and appreciation. Likewise, it is valuable to archive a methodology of showing up at an answer in the midst of contention

Comparison of Child Characters in Salingers Teddy and A Perfect Day for Bananafish free essay sample

Crucible Thoughts Essay Example For Students

Pot Thoughts Essay KV SmithPeriod 212-10-01In the start of the story, Nick is presented. He moved from the Midwest to New York and got into the bond business. Likewise living in New York is his subsequent cousin, Daisy, who is hitched to Tom Buchanan. Scratch is preferred by everybody and all through the story, he learns a great deal. As a matter of first importance, he learns of Gatsby who is his nearby neighbor. At that point he learns of Daisy and Gatsbys past relationship. They used to be a couple yet separated in light of the fact that Gatsby had left to war and lost his cash. This didnt appear to make him worth cherishing in Daisys eyes. Scratch additionally learns of Toms relationship with Myrtle, which is going on behind Daisys back. From the second he catches wind of Gatsby and sees his home, Nick is envious of him and gets the chance to meet him at one of Gatsbys parties. At the point when Nick heads toward the gathering, he meets Gatsby and discovers that he and Gatsby had battled in a simil ar division in World War I. After this first discussion among them, a companionship starts to fabricate, and Nick begins to fit in. At some point, he gets together with Jordan, and she informs him regarding Gatsbys past relationship with Daisy. Jordan discloses to Nick, that Gatsby is still enamored with Daisy and wishes to recover her, yet he needs Nicks help. Scratch acknowledges the errand and welcomes Daisy and Gatsby over to his home, where they at long last meet once more. Daisy and Gatsby begin to look all starry eyed at. Daisy begins spending time with Gatsby, which begins to make Tom dubious. Tom begins going to Gatsbys parties with her. After one of the gatherings, Gatsby starts to understand that his relationship with Daisy isnt what it used to be. Gatsby imagines that if Daisy went up to Tom and said I never adored you, everything would be okay and they could live joyfully ever after. Than things would resemble they were before the war. Later on, Tom and Daisy welcome Gatsby, Nick, and Jordan Baker out somewhere else at their home in New York. Daisy and Gatsby uncover their affections for one another before Tom. Subsequent to seeing a touch of this around, Tom turns out to be amazingly envious and in the long run blames Gatsby for attempting to raise hell in his home. Sooner or later of battling Gatsby makes Daisy reveal to Tom that she never cherished him, which goes out to not be valid. Disappointed, Tom advises the couple to leave. George Wilson and his significant other, Myrtle, are likewise having a contention. She comes up short on the house, just to be hit by Gatsbys vehicle, driven by Daisy, and is murdered quickly. Tom stops by after the other vehicle has left and sees that his darling is dead. Wilson addresses Tom in his bewildered state and Tom reveals to Wilson that Gatsby is liable for his wifes demise. Wilson, in a confounded state, at that point goes to Gatsbys house, slaughters Gatsby and shoots himself. Scratch, being Gatsbys companion, makes the burial service game plans. He attempts to discover some of Gatsbys different companions rapidly understanding that the couple of companions Gatsby has dont truly care about him. Just three individuals go to the memorial service. Disheartened by Gatsbys demise, Nick moves back to the Midwest to begin another life. Words/Pages : 556/24

Report on Consumer Behavior of Soft Drinks Essay Example for Free

Report on Consumer Behavior of Soft Drinks Essay Requirement for the investigation With the financial advancement in India various worldwide organizations have been approaching to put resources into India and tapping maybe and universes greatest developing business sector. As the conduits have been opened up for Multinational Companies, the worldwide monster Coca-cola additionally chose to make a passage into the Indian market. In India, the per capita utilization of sodas is at absolute bottom level even not exactly our neighboring nations Pakistan and Bangladesh, where it is four fold the amount. The previous summer was especially boiling one, with temperatures hitting the high 40s in certain spots yet; bottles were vanishing from racks quicker than they could be supplanted. In the pinnacle season, they wound up shy of limit and pivoting their trucks quicker and quicker to slake the more prominent Indian thirst. With development rates zooming into the twofold digits, bottlers have been impelled into growing limits. With their hotshot designs, the multinationals have changed the substance of this business, since quite a while ago overwhelmed by little league specialists. On the off chance that request keeps on expanding every year at a normal of 20 percent, at that point volumes could arrive at one billion cases inside ten years. 4 These curve aspiring targets and to contact them the cola creators should construct limit, foundation, make their bottlers progressively accessible and increasingly moderate. There are 5. 00,000 retailers loading soda pops in India. Additionally, soda pops which retail at anyplace between Rs. 9. 00 and Rs. 12. 00 are costly when estimated against buying power. As they create their techniques, watching out for one another constantly, eventually theres just one person they need to keep an eye out for, who will decide their fortunes: the shopper. The genuine race to extinguish his thirst has recently started 5 Objectives of the studyTo learn about the purchaser inclination as to soda To learn about the customer observation with respect Coca †Cola To comprehend the Promotional Strategies To discover the medium which is best in arriving at the buyers? 6 Research system Information will be gathered from an example size 1000 and appropriated over various territories by utilizing straightforward Random Sampling. Irregular Sampling comprises of 1. Segment Segmentation 2. Sociocultural Segmentation 3. Use-Related Segmentation 4. Use-Situation Segmentation Analysis 1. Information Analysis is done both subjectively and quantitatively. 2. The examination is introduced pictographically utilizing structured presentations The time of the investigation is recent year 7 Scope of the examination The new monetary approaches of the Govt. of India embraced in the mid eighties were given further stimulus by the mid nineties. The Indian market has experienced impressive changed as an immediate outcome of a considerable lot of these approaches and soda pop industry is no special case to this. Keeping the previously mentioned point of view out of sight, the scientist has chosen soda pop market, since the advertising task his turned out to be all the more testing and escalated rivalry has opened up new vistas. Organizations are developing promoting systems by considering the requests of the commercial center progressively infiltrating into fitting business sector fragments acquainting separated items with improve their piece of the overall industry. The soda pop market has accomplished a quickened development in the previous decade. Soda pops incorporate trouble kinds of non liquor carbonated enhanced or in any case improved refreshments. The section of Pepsi and the reemergence of Coca Cola in the India advertise bend unavoidably confronting hardened rivalry however a definitive champ is client/purchaser. This has driven the analyst to consider me view of shoppers towards various brands of sodas and to measure out the 8 limited time key being received by the advertisers to draw wanton purchasers and win a bigger offer in the business sectors.

Dehumanization in All Quiet on the Western Front Essay

Winston Churchill consistently stated, â€Å"You ask: what is our point? I can reply in single word: It is triumph, triumph no matter what, triumph despite all fear, triumph, regardless of to what extent and hard the world might be; for without triumph, there is no endurance. † In Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front, triumph is viewed as the main choice. The fighters in the novel take the necessary steps like acting before speculation or disregarding any potential outcomes so as to develop successful. Paul and his friends are presented continually to viciousness, kicking off a dehumanizing procedure that constrains them to depend on creature nature. This important impulse is the main thing that keeps them alive during war, yet it additionally transforms them inside leaving them with an alternate attitude. To endure the war, troopers need to forfeit any coherent intuition or feeling and battle on creature nature. They begin level-disapproved, yet when they arrive at the front such changes, as Paul accepts when he says, â€Å"We walk up, testy or great tempered troopers †we arrive at the zone where the front starts and become on intuition human animals† (56). This creature impulse is essential for their endurance. At the point when they are placed in a circumstance concerning fighting, their brain adjusts to nature and starts to think about the foe as targets, instead of people. It is basically a cautious technician that permits them to spare themselves without the sentiment of blame. Paul’s sentiment is that, â€Å"We have become wild monsters. We don't battle, we shield ourselves against annihilation†¦No longer do we lie vulnerable, looking out for the platform, we can wreck and slaughter, to spare ourselves; to spare ourselves and be revenged† (113). They are so distracted with battling and remaining alive, that their feelings totally vanish. This is demonstrated by Paul’s musings: â€Å"If your own dad came over with them you would not spare a moment to excursion a bomb at him† (114). At last, in the event that they didn't dehumanize themselves they would not have the option to execute anybody over the adversary line. A genuine case of this is when Paul is solidified in the wake of investigating the enemy’s eyes during the principal barrage, yet he rapidly gets over this to proceed onward and spare himself. T. S. Matthews in his article â€Å"Bad News† states, â€Å"They have needed to become warriors, and they are nothing else. They have confidence right now; it isn't sufficient, yet it is everything they can be certain of† (2). Matthews proceeds to state, â€Å"But what props them up in man’s machine-made hellfire is the substantial nearness of the companions around them† (2). Actually, dehumanization is the way to endurance. All through the novel, Paul loses dear companions of his and each time he does he finds the solidarity to continue battling. He may not generally need to, however he continues pushing ahead in his dehumanized state towards the end. Dehumanization influences the fighter genuinely as well as inside too, both on and off the front. Being influenced inside by dehumanization implies that these officers are deprived of their feelings, have a changed their perspective on war, or are given an alternate outlook. At the point when Paul and others go to visit Kemmerich, a previous schoolmate whose leg was as of late excised, they can tell he is near the precarious edge of death. Rather than being concerned, Paul’s schoolmate Muller is obtuse and is just worried about his boots. Muller has been dehumanized to such an extent that everything he can force himself to consider is Kemmerich’s boots, and accepting them after his demise. Later in the novel, Kat calls attention to an expert rifleman to Paul, who is slaughtering off troopers. As Kat makes reference to, this expert rifleman feels no regret or blame about it his activities. He has been dehumanized to the point that he has come to appreciate murdering others. Dehumanization makes the warriors think distinctively with regards to death. They see such a significant number of individuals dead all the time that they start to mind less and less. Paul thinks, â€Å"When a man has seen such a large number of dead he can't see any more drawn out why there ought to be such a great amount of anguish over a solitary individual† (181). Inside, the warriors are losing numerous things near them due to being on the front. These things are composed by Matthews, â€Å"Love they have not known, enthusiasm and the various conceptual ideals and indecencies have evaporated away in their first drum-fire† (2). Due to being on the front, the officers discover trouble in the absolute most straightforward things throughout everyday life and losing different things they have just been educated. About this Matthews remarks, â€Å"These adolescents whom the War is quickly making unfit for regular citizen life (however a significant number of them won't need to roll out the improvement) have thrown away, of need, all that they have been taught† (2). This dehumanization changes the warriors, leaving with them with the results and thinking about whether the life of a creature is extremely worth living. At the point when Paul returns home on leave, he is hit with the sentiment of vagrancy. He can take no solace there, and starts to understand this isn't on the grounds that his home changed, however himself. At the point when Paul takes a stab at common non military personnel garments, he feels cumbersome and doesn’t perceive himself. He likewise thinks that its difficult to coexist with individuals who continually need to think about the war, similar to his own dad. Despite the fact that Paul is close to his family and associates, he despite everything feels separated. He is so familiar with being on the front with his friends that he starts to think about that as the nearest thing to home. Considerably after the war, the fighters would get back inclination destitute and separated from society. John Wilson, the creator of Combat and Comradeship, says, â€Å"A opposite result, ‘the lingering pressure perspective’ (Figley, 1978) recommends that the psychosocial consequence of war proceeds or even escalates through the post war years† (136). The men on the front are just worried about existence and demise. At the point when their life is in danger, their perspective changes from when they were protected. Their musings never continue as before, and the progressions of their considerations influence how they carry on with their life. This is demonstrated when Paul says, â€Å"Our musings are earth, they are shaped with the progressions of the days; when we are resting they are acceptable; enduring an onslaught, they are dead. Fields of holes inside and without† (271). Due to all the war and viciousness that Paul and his companions have endured, they have experienced a dehumanizing procedure. This procedure does in actuality spare them from war, yet transforms them into a totally unique individual. Living dehumanized, at long last, isn't justified, despite any potential benefits. They feel separated from home, lose all feelings and some even start to consider demise the main alternative. Before the finish of the novel, Paul basically depicts the life of a dehumanized fighter as, â€Å"Shells, gas mists, and flotillas of tanks †breaking, consuming, demise. Looseness of the bowels, flu, typhus †burning, stifling, passing. Channels, emergency clinics, the basic grave †there are no other possibilities† (283). Mulling over every one of these things, it is impeccably reasonable why a trooper would not need this sort of life.

Finding the Best Online Writing Service

Finding the Best Online Writing ServiceFinding the best online writing service is not a complex endeavor as long as you know what you want and are willing to spend your time doing your research. There are many different things to look for in an online writing service, including professionalism, experience, and the frequency with which they update their services. But before you do anything else, it is important to understand that you need to be careful of the sites you choose so you do not end up wasting your time or your money.While you may be able to find some decent writing services on the Internet, you will likely not want to use those unless you have done your own research on them. One of the best ways to learn about the best services is to ask people you know and trust if they have used any such sites and how they fared. Then, you can move forward from there to see if they really are the best possible option for you. You should be cautious when hiring a company over the Internet as you will never be able to visit them in person to see how they do business.You also need to be very sure about how you will be able to get the most out of the services you choose. For example, you may need to look for websites that offer proofreading services, grammar and punctuation checkers, proofread articles, proofread e-books, proofread white papers, and much more. While you may only be looking for these services from one site, you will be able to use them from other sites as well.The way you select an online writing service should be similar to the way you would select a doctor. You want to do your homework, learn all you can about the various services, make sure you have a good understanding of what is expected of you as a writer, and then base your decision on experience, credibility, and reputation. By doing this you will be able to enjoy your experience with the best writing service that you choose.It may be helpful to know the type of writers who use each of the servi ces available. Find out what the requirements are for proofreading, how many proofread articles they have offered, and how often they update their services. When you know who uses the service, you will be able to choose the best writing service for you. You will want to find a site that offers all of the services that you need, but you also want to look for a site that has writers that are experienced in different areas of writing.You should not necessarily go with the first online writing service that you find, but you should try to choose from a variety of services that are available. You should always read reviews and be sure that you are aware of how long the writers have been providing their services, as well as what their reputation is like. Make sure that the writers are experienced in different areas of writing as well. While you may want someone who specializes in just a few areas, it is important to choose a site that offers multiple writers who can do a variety of tasks.M any of the best online writing services also offer writing software for use on your computer. You can find many services online that are available for purchase that can help you with not only proofreading, but also with other aspects of writing. Some of the best writers have used these services in the past and recommend them to others. If you want to increase your writing skills, these types of services can help you achieve this goal.The best online writing service will work hard to make sure that you receive the highest quality of writing, regardless of what your needs are. However, your level of skill will determine whether you get the most out of a writing service or not. So it is very important to learn about the best online writing service available so you can find a website that is willing to offer you the best writing services and best prices.

Corporate Governance From The Failure Of Lehman Brothers Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Lehman Brothers one of the big financial services company was founded during the year 1850 filed its bankruptcy protection during September 2008. Numerous reasons caused this financial investment firm to cripple through the financial turmoil. The court ordered an external examiner to conduct an investigation by giving out ten requirements to guide him through his investigation about the issues of litigation and any breaches of law that might have occurred. Mr Anton R. Valukas the chairman of Jenner Block has taken up the task of investigation and conducted 100s of interviews and searched through the companys files and documents about a year costing $38 million. Mr. Valukas generated 2200 pages of document about his findings of investigation. This article discusses about the learnings in regards to corporate governance from the failure of Lehman Brothers and the scenario of Australia in comparison with America considering the regulations by regulatory authorities and r elevant legislation controlling the financial services sector. Corporate governance learnings: The document by examiner raises the flaws in the corporate governance those have to be reviewed to avoid such collapses in future. The major findings of investigation as per the examiner which are relevant to problems addressing the corporate governance are Risk Management and relevant disclosures by management to the board and issues of relevant internal controls. Deficiencies in stress testing scenarios. The need for disclosures to board of directors. Remuneration of top executives tied to short-term performance. Those listed out findings are further discussed in brief about surrounding issues by comparing what happened and the suggestions to avoid the occurrence of these problems in future. Risk Management and relevant disclosures by management to the board and issues of relevant internal controls: The risk models used by LBHI had number of assumptions resulti ng to inaccurate results, but still the major reason being the usage of information within the organisation had flaws. The board and the management of Lehman Brothers started to adopt the high risk taking business strategies. The understanding of the risks involved in financial instruments like collateralised debts, sub-prime lending, and derivatives was insufficient and lack of appropriate control procedures to lessen those risks. The board had not asked a question to management about the risk handling strategies and the models used to calculate the risk even thought one of the primary principles being overseeing the risk management system for investment firms. The boards supervision of issues relating to risk has to be strengthened. The usage of risk model which is dynamic with respect to market changes addresses the current scenario better than using a old static model with limitations. The board should have a combination of directors with different skills which are needed for that particular firm. One of the directors with technical knowledge of risk related issues would have helped to identify the red flags much earlier allowing them to take appropriate actions to overcome the problem. The lack of systematic procedures to communicate potentially significant business risks through effective channels weighs down to the issue of corporate governance. The board of directors should clearly establish the accountability and responsibilities right through the organisation. The lack of internal controls which can raise red flags to management while dealing transactions which lead to exceeding the risk limits of organisation helps in avoiding those transactions. The management and officers have taken very risky decisions based on their intent and pas experience about how it might result rather than analysing the situation based on the quantitative facts. Therefore the practice of every significant transaction with supporting documents which includes fac t based analysis has be prepared and approved by relevant authority. Lack of timely action: The management and board along with the government thought the effect of crisis is short term and therefore LBHI went on to acquire risky investments increasing their risk appetite without actually calculating their capacity based on the relevant facts. Later they realised effects and took actions to bring down the leverage ratio, but due to lack of liquid assets and anticipation of losses in getting rid of illiquid assets further troubled. Deficiencies in stress testing scenarios: LBHI always used the testing scenarios in deciding whether to practise a particular transaction was value the risk it carries. They also used its risk management system to promote the firms capabilities to credit rating agencies, potential investors and regulating government bodies. The scenarios used had lot of assumptions which biased the actual calculations from the reality. They excluded including t he effects of financial instruments like commercial real estate investments, leveraged loans, and private equity instruments leaving a big gap in analysing the risks posed by these securities. Therefore they ended up acquiring very risky options which created significant problems. Later when they included all those instruments the risk well exceeded the risk appetite of LBHI forcing them to reduce the leverage but that was too late to construct the damages caused. Gathering more information about the wide range of risk measures, different perspectives of similar risks helps in more effective measurement and effective communication across the organisation from board to managers leaves in better situation. Lehman Brothers had good rules and self governing rules in place but when it came to following those rules in business decisions the management failed to do so. For example, the management exceeded the single transaction limit policy to favour the handling of large deals. I nstead of just keeping the rules and policies to books and constitution of a firm, having internal controls which do not allow overriding these rules avoids the problem. The need for disclosures to board of directors: The disclosure by the management of the impacts of transactions and strategies both in terms of positive as well as negative consequences to the board helps them to take the better decisions due to the available information. The lack of information about the negative effects and the way the risk model is calculated disabled the directors from good business decisions. If the management would have provided the board with all the relevant disclosures have raised red flags about the situation forcing to act quicker to recover the situation by reducing the overall risk taken by firm. Therefore the board of directors should have access to the timely, relevant and accurate information. Proper foresight and forecasts by senior management should be practised. It can al so be done by including CRO to occupy the position on the board and reviewing the risks management issues during meetings gives a good guidance. The combination of competence of board of directors has to be addressed since the right combination helps discussing about different views in analysing the different situations. Remuneration of top executives tied to short-term performance: Many firms practice the method of calculating the remuneration of top executives based on their performance which is obtained from their financial statements, therefore tying down to short-term performance rather than long-term goals. This method of practicing is discouraging those who act favouring long-term sustainability of firm and provides incentive to accept those strategies which boosts the revenues in short-term but they might cause serious risks later. Therefore the calculation should also consider the risk factor and should encourage the long-term perspective. The CROs pay usually is n ot tied with their performance, the provision of tying CROs remuneration in relation to their performance also provides an incentive to act in favour of building a robust risk methods. Comparison of American situation to Australia: The major distinction of Australian situation was the financial markets were in good shape with good governance of ASIC and APRA the two regulating authorities of Australia. The Australian economy had a robust growth, very stable financial system, lesser unemployment rate and a little inflation rate. There is no issue of too big to fail and Australia doesnt have financial institutions as big as LBHI. The sub-prime market in Australia accounted for less than 1% of financial instruments unlike the England, U.S mortgage industry and many other countries. The rate of arrears for loans was lesser in Australian case on comparison with American which is mainly due to the features of the loans offered. The Australian market did not offered risky loan str uctures like offering lower introductory interest rates for a period of time. The intense competition in banking sector in U.S caused offering high-risk loans and lower price. Major Australian financial services sector maintained potential strength in balance sheets and stayed away from smaller amount viable financial disinterested parties. The Australian legislative system allows the lender to acquire the loan repayments not only through proceeding of sale of collateral but also other personal if the given collateral alone was not sufficient, therefore providing a stronger inducement to repay the loan. The lower unemployment rate also facilitated the Australian economy unlike the huge layoffs of American scenario. The laws in Australia in relation to insolvency trading, liquidation are very stringent. As per the corporations law if the director trades during insolvency is considered as breach of directors duties, if any directors found guilty in breach of directors duties are held responsible for the losses therefore it prompts to appoint administrator. The administrator takes charge of the entire firm where he analyses and negotiates with creditors about the possibilities and director is not entitled to any role unlike American case where director still runs the company. The failure in corporate governance and risk management, weakness in regulatory frameworks caused the collapse of Lehman Brothers. ASIC (Australian Securities and Investment Commission): The objective of ASIC is to endeavour to preserve, facilitate and improve the performance of the financial system and the entities operating within that system. ASIC also promotes the confidence in investors and consumers by information transparency in securities offered. All the financial service providers must possess a licence from ASIC therefore enabling ASIC to monitor the activities. The working standards and employing competent staff for responsible roles forms a usual guide lines un der ASIC. ASIC works based on corporations law and ASIC act for corporate governance and the conduct of the companies with respect to the share holders and beneficiaries. There is no off balance sheet vehicles or short-term loans provided in the Australian regulatory framework. Therefore any changes or deviation from AASB has to state properly by giving out the reasons for non-compliance and the method used with adequate disclosures. Directors breach of fiduciary duties and as long as they are not protected by business judgement rule the directors are subjected to forgo the losses incurred. The business judgement rule protection in Delaware courts was very broadly protecting directors with the need for stronger evidence. In Australian case it doesnt protect as well as it was with Delaware courts law. Regulations need to be considered by ASIC in light of the collapse of the financial institution Lehman Brothers. The usage of Repo 105 transaction and any other off balance sheet vehicles are to be disclosed with clear description of the methods used. Any such accounting gimmicks are to be prohibited in first place. The flaws in the accounting framework regarding ahs to be addressed to resolve the way of calculating and the relevant disclosures has to be clearly stated. As the corporations law has described the role of directors similarly the description of role of senior management officers and their responsibilities puts some pressure on their duty to deliver. The requirement to communicate all the facts to the board must be held as one of the duties. Need to formulate rules concerning the corporate governance issues in respect to both management and directors duties have to be reviewed. APRA (Australian Prudential Regulations Authority): The role of APRA is to protect depositors, superannuation fund members and insurance policy holders but not the share holders. The role of APRA is to promote robust risk management and prudent behaviour. The Australia had thought about Basel committee during 2004 on banking regulation is working to set up shock absorbers into capital frameworks. When the board doesnt understand the high risk products and how to mitigate the effects it is advised to not to invest on those products. The good governance is important for any organisation. The calculation of risk appetite was flawed in the LBHIs case leaving gap for institutions to develop their own. But in APRAs case the regulations has generally avoided certain short comings but development of quantitative methods. The local regulating bodies like APRA worked towards improving the market condition. A few initiatives are to reduce the complexity of products, transparency of securities offered, enhancing the role of credit rating agencies. Certain issues to be addressed by regulators included based on the Lehman Brothers collapse are: The capital requirements for investment firms has to be reviewed, there should be a regulat ions towards controlling the leverage ratios. The whole banking system is based on mitigating the risk and gaining the profits appropriate to risk, since risk is the critical issue for investment firms that should be managed by distributing the risk. Regulators should impose restrictions on high-risk business strategies by imposing a cap on total allowed risk at any time. The financial firms have to get the approval from regulators about the risk model usage and adaptive stress testing scenarios. The prudential regulator APRA making proposals on remuneration emphasising on financial stability and long-term growth. All the entitys personnel involved in decision making which affects the share holders are included in remuneration plan. Legislative provisions: So for the global financial crisis has not provided much changes to the Australian legislation. The Australian corporate governance and other regulatory bodies have well handled the global financial crisis with less impact on the economy. Conclusion: The Too Big To Fail financial services firm Lehman Brothers collapse has focussed the flaws in corporate governance, risk management strategies, and effects of age old off balance vehicles i.e., the accounting standards are learnings for the future. Many regulations and law reforms are developed from the problems the world faced as they form like Sarbanes-Oxley act which caused the formulation of internal controls as a standard. Therefore this collapse also comes out with well regulated rules and robust methods to handle the stress and limitations on risk taking are necessary. The part of law which governs the issues discussed in this article is corporations act 2001. Other regulatory frameworks which require review are prudential regulation, Accounting standards, corporate governance issues.

The Slavery Of The North And South Between 1700 And 1799

In the Western countries including America, most of the nations incorporated provisions for slavery within their structure of governance. As slavery took roots in the North and South between 1700 and 1799, it influenced political, social and economic structures of the two regions throughout the 18th century. Towards the end of 17th century, European masters embarked on granting independence to their colonies. As the European colonies in the North gained independence, residents of the independent states acquired cheap land that was left by their colonial masters. As workers were needed to work on the land and build new towns, some of the families sold some of their children to provide labor (Goldin, Cameron Balarajan, 2011). Furthermore, during the time of colonization, American colonies in the North recognized compulsory labor; thus prompting most of the masters to hire fellow Americans or Europeans as laborers. Although some of the Africans provided labor in the North during this t ime, the colonial government did not recognize perpetual servitude for the Africans. However, with the decline in the number of laborers, the colonial government was quick to pass a law that contributed to the enslavement of Africans and their children residing in the North. Furthermore, by 1700, most of the states in the North adopted laws aimed at regulating slaves and servants (Morris, 1999). According to research, the Dutch and English masters played a significant role in enslavingShow MoreRelatedAlexander Hamilton And Jefferson s Ideals Essay1824 Words   |  8 Pagesfor agricultural reasons, but can also be attributed to how some colonists saw Native Americans as inferiors. There are a number of conflicts between the colonists and Native Americans, but one that most applies to the situation here involves conflicts with the Tuscarora Indians in North Carolina. 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Hiv And Treatment Adherence By Bobbi Marie Pollard

HIV and Treatment Adherence Bobbi Marie Pollard Loyola University Chicago School of Social Work Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a chronic illness, however, for those with access to health care and treatment, it is a very manageable condition. Although it is no longer considered a death sentence in developed countries, it is still a highly stigmatized illness. The public may no longer perceive HIV as the plague it once was, yet there has been no decline in the number of new infections per year in the past decade in the United States (Catalan et al., 2000). Today, people are living longer with HIV due to the development of combination antiretroviral drug therapies (ART). ART has provided significant progress in treatment (Linsk et al., 2002). Treatment accessibility and medication adherence are crucial in order to continue manage the disease on both the individual and public level. Overview of HIV/AIDS HIV and AIDS are sometimes used interchangeably, although there is a significant difference, and some HIV positive individuals will never develop Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Testing HIV positive means there are antibodies present in the system. HIV is classified into two phases: symptomatic and asymptomatic. Individuals show signs of a compromised immune system during the symptomatic phase, although with treatment advances, many are living asymptomatically. The progress of the illness can often be evaluated by looking at one’s CD4 and viral load

Collapse Of The Mayan Civilization - 1024 Words

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Globalization And Its Effects On Society Essay - 1076 Words

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Strategic Analysis free essay sample

School of management University of Bradford Model code: MAN0208M A Strategic Analysis of AXA Industries: Insurance/Financial Services Word Count: 2314 (not including Tables or Executive Summary) Executive Summary This report has to do with the investigation into AXA insurance company including internal analysis, external strategic analysis and strategy formulation. It is designed to analyse the whole organisation and make recommendations related to the problems. AXA is a French global investment, retirement and insurance group. The AXA Group involves five operating business segments: Life Savings, Property Casualty, International Insurance (including reinsurance), Asset Management and Other Financial Services. This report is focused on AXA insurance. The main investigation approach is to use the text book as a secondary resource to analyze the specific theory about PESTLE analysis and Porters Five Forces analysis. At the same time, some useful sources as secondary information are researched from the Internet and some professional theory about external and internal analysis and strategy formulation come from library books. Through the investigation, there are four main parts related, but each part has detailed contents around different topics. The first part will introduce the company summary. PESTLE analysis, industry life cycle, Porters Five Forces analysis and key competitors will be introduced in the second part. After that, the report will show internal analysis including value chain and SWOT analysis. Finally, the part will focus on strategy formulation and making recommendations respectively. After a full strategic analysis of both the external and internal factors affecting the business, it is clear that there are key drivers in the markets. These drivers are customers need, differentiated products and quick response to new technology. Consumers are becoming more price sensitive and eager to locate the best deals on the market. These are the areas that the business needs to focus on and develop in the future. Based on the findings of this report, it is clear that AXA has a dominant position in the market. However there are a few points could be improved, and profits could be potentially increased if the business implemented a number of recommendations. The recommendations are to continue the expansion into international markets, improve and develop its products, develop more complete marketing systems and take new technology into consideration. Carrying out these recommendations would result in having a larger consumer base and an increase in profits. Key words: External and Internal Analysis, Strategy Formulation, Recommendations Contents Executive Summary 2 1 Company Summary 4 1. 1 Company Background 4 1. 2 Current Market Position 4 1. 3 Current Financials 4 2 External Strategic Analysis 4 2. 1 PESTLE Analysis PESTLE Analysis Conclusion 5 2. 2 Industry Growth/Life Cycle 6 2. 3 Porters Five Forces Analysis 7 2. 3. 1 Porters Five Forces Analysis Conclusion 8 2. 4 Key Competitors 9 2. 4. 1 Pricing Decision 9 3 Internal Analysis 9 3. 1 Value Chain Analysis 9 3. 1. 1 Value Chain Analysis Conclusion 10 3. 2 SWOT Analysis 10 4 Trends 11 5 Strategy Formulation 11 5. 1 The BCG growth-share matrix 12 5. 2 Corporate strategies 12 6 Conclusions 13 7 Recommendations 13 8 References 14 9 Appendices 16 List of Tables and Figures Fig. 1 Current Financials 4 Fig. 2 PESTLE Analysis of AXA 5 Fig. 3 The Industry Life Cycle Model 6 Fig. 4 Porters 5 Forces Model 7 Fig. 5 Pricing Decision 9 Fig. 6 Value Chain Analysis 9 Fig. 7 SWOT Analysis 11 Fig. 8 The BCG growth-share matrix 11 Fig. 9 Statistics about average insurance spend 16 Fig. 10 Key Competitors 17 Fig. 11 Pricing Analysis 20 Fig. 12 AXA financial statement 21 1. Company Summary Company Name: AXA Industry: Financial services Type of Business: Societe Anonyme Owner: Henri de Castries Number of countries AXA presented: 57 Number of Employees: 160,000 1. 1 Background AXA insurance, a French organisation is owned and operated by the AXA Group, whose currently served area is worldwide. According to the annual report, the main operational activities involve five different business segments namely Life Savings, Property Casualty, International Insurance (including reinsurance), Asset Management and other Financial Services (including banks). AXA is one of the most famous brands being a multinational company focusing mainly on insurance. Their services have also expanded, with a range of insurance available to buy. The main aspects are personal and business insurance. To be more specific, personal insurance involves car, pet, home, travel insurance and business insurance includes Employers’ liability insurance, Public liability, Commercial landlord insurance and so on. Besides, there are other types of insurance which are shop insurance, Fleet and haulage insurance etc. 1. 2 Current Market Position AXA Group Market Capital: ? 43. 46 billion. (Yahoo, 2013) Investments from insurance activities: â‚ ¬605,823 million. (AXA, 2013) Average insurance spend per Head in UK: 4475 US dollar per capital (OECD, 2012). Please see Appendix 1 for the statistics about different countries’ average insurance spend. 1. 3 Current Financials Figure 1: Current Financials of AXA. AXA Insurance ( in euro million) AXA Group ( in euro million) Total Revenue 84926 90,126 Total Asset 51298 761,849 2. External Strategic Analysis The environment is what gives organizations their means of survival. In the private sector, satisfied customers are what keep an organization in business; in the public sector, it is government, clients, patients or students that typically play the same role. However, the environment is also the source of threats. Environment change can be fatal for organizations. ( Johnson, Scholes, Whittington, 2008) The PESTEL model can be used to help us identify these issues and understand how they may affect AXA’s success. 2. 1. PESTEL Analysis Figure 2: PESTEL Analysis of AXA Political Economic Social -Legislation (on taxation and employment law) -Relations between government and the organisation Government is increasing its funding to the industry and easing regulations for employment. -Foreign Trade regulations Economic conditions have the highest impact on a business, regardless of what trade it is in. Total GDP and GDP per head -Customer expenditure and disposable incomes level -Unemployment -Currency fluctuations and exchange rates -Cyclicality (stage of business cycle) -Stock market trends -Shift in values and culture (Buying habits) -Change in attitude to lifestyle More and more people are buying insurance. Their attitudes toward work, leisure, career and retirement have changed. -Education and Healthcare People are paying an increasing attention to their health. -Family size and structure -Age distribution and life expectancy rates Technology Environment Legal -Social Media The social media explosion has offered the opportunity for increasing interaction with the consumers. -New patents and products Due to the new age in technology, companies have completely developed new products. -Identify research initiatives These factors can affect AXA, but not thoroughly change its trade and profit pattern. The reason is that these factors affect agricultural business much more directly. -Competition law -Employment and safety law -Government policy (trade control, tariffs) 2. 1. 1 PESTEL Analysis Conclusion PESTEL is a fundamental tool of making market plan and strategy. PESTEL analysis has two basic functions for a company. The first is that it allows identification of the environment within which the company operates. The second basic function is that it provides data and information that will enable the company to predict situations and circumstances that it might encounter in future. (Yuksel, 2012) The key factors that influence the company are: The attitude towards insurance. Despite the changes that have taken place since 2005 the weakness of sterling and the financial crisis that destroyed so much of the value of the UK financial services industry the UK insurance market remains the largest In Europe and the third largest in the world. In 2005, 2007 and 2009, survey respondents were most interested in convenient insurance cover in 2009, 72. 4% of respondents agreed that they will use the most convenient means to get insurance cover, up from 70. 8% of respondents in 2005, but down from 83. 7% in 2007. The survey reveals that consumers remain strongly influenced by the reputation of insurers, while the role of brokers remains important to them. New entrants to the market for direct insurance have been accepted by consumers but only to a limited extent. (Keynote,2013) Disposable incomes level If people have more disposable income, they have more tendencies to spend more to live comfortably and purchasing expensive products which ultimately lead them insured safer. Disposable incomes level changes the way people live. In conclusion, AXA is a very well-established company. By doing PESTEL analysis, the company can customise its strategies in various market from various segments point of view. In this way, AXA can cover all bases and will always be a leader in financial services. 2. 2 Industry Growth/Life Cycle The nature of corporate strategy will change as industries move along the life cycle. To explore the strategic implication, it is useful to start by identifying what stage an industry has reached in terms of its development. For each stage in the cycle, there are some commonly accepted strategies. (Lynch, 2006) Figure 3: The Industry Life Cycle model (Lynch, 2006) Traditionally, insurance companies, whether they focus on life, health, or property and casualty, have not demonstrated a significant degree of creativity or originality in their product offerings, and have been relatively slow to respond to new market opportunities. Customized, niche products in life, health and property are the next phase in insurance. Capitalizing on that trend will require dynamic product life cycle models designed to quickly take advantage of fluctuating market and customer demands, as well as information systems and data to help identify, predict and manage to those demands. ( Duffy, 2013) 2. 3 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Michael Porters (1980) five forces framework is a rich, in-depth assessment of the underpinnings of competition and profitability in an industry. (Dobbs, 2012) The five forces are the threat of entry, the threat of substitutes, the power of buyers, the power of suppliers and the extent of rivalry between competitors. People consist of those forces close to a company that affect its ability to serve its customers and make a profit. A change in any of the forces normally requires a company to re-assess the marketplace. (Research and Markets Adds Report, 2013) Figure 4: The framework of Porter’s Five Forces Analysis. (Lynch, 2006) Bargaining power of Suppliers: Number of suppliers High competition among suppliers results in reducing the price to producers. Switching Costs The easier it is to switch suppliers, the less bargaining power they have. The degree of substitutability between the products of various suppliers and the amount of product differentiation Unique service makes it hard for producers to find a substitute. Bargaining Powers of Buyers: Number of Customers Buying Volumes Incentives (for example, promotions) Brand identity (reputation) Switching costs. Limited buyer information availability When buyers have limited information, they are at a disadvantage in negotiations with sellers. Threat of New Entrants: Time and cost of entry (Financial requirements) Brand loyalty Technological requirements Government policy Products quality and differentiation Threat of Substitute Products: Low cost of switching to a substitute product Brand loyalty Competitive Rivalry within an Industry: Very competitive and rapidly expanding industry Many similar ideas within the products Companies such as Allianz and MetLife 2. 3. 1 Porters Five Forces Analysis Conclusion Looking at the five forces for AXA, the following conclusions can be made: 1) Threat of Substitution – The threat of substitution becomes high when there are more insurance companies available in the world. Customers are more likely to buy the product when there are some incentives such as promotions. As European two biggest insurance companies, Allianz is the biggest threat. 2) Threat of New Entry – This threat is low as the barrier costs of entering the market at such a scale as AXA would be extremely high. AXA is one of the biggest financial service company in the world. 3) The Power of Buyers – This threat is high due to the reason that consumers are very price sensitive and very likely to switch brands if cheaper. It is difficult to differentiate products or services, then competition is essentially price-based, and it is difficult to ensure customer loyalty. (Lynch, 2006) 4) The Power of Suppliers – This threat is low because there are a large number of suppliers in the market that can provide what they need. 5) Competitor Rivalry – This threat is high due to the considerable number of competitors in the industry that AXA operates in. The most important issue that need to be considered is: Reduce the threat of substitution and keeping customer loyalty, AXA must consider continuous incentives and keep its high-level service quality to beat the competitors. 2. 4 Key Competitors Please see Appendix 2 (Figure 8) for an analysis of the key competitors in the market. Due to the awareness, perceived value about the benefits of insurance and influence form the government for the certain reasons more and more insurance organizations have come up in the market and hence resulted in more rather intense competition is prevailing with the insurance sector. ( UKESSAYS, 2013) 2. 4. 1 Pricing decision Figure 5: Value Chain Analysis based on Porter’s Value Chain. (Lynch, 2006) The basic considerations: cost and competition. Beyond this basic structure, the factors that will influence pricing include price elasticity, stage in the product cycle and strategic role of price. (Lynch, 2006) Please see Appendix 3 (Figure 9) for details of pricing analysis. 3. Internal Analysis 3. 1 Value Chain Analysis The value chain is a series of interrelated set of value creation activities. Michael Porter has raised this important concept and established the enterprise value chain model. Value chain analysis can help companies learn where to build and play their strengths and create higher valued-added. (Liu, 2013) The goal is to identify which activities do and do not create value for the business. Figure 6: Value Chain Analysis based on Porter’s Value Chain. (Lynch, 2006) 3. 1. 1 Value Chain Analysis – Conclusion AXA has placed all the right resources in the right places. Besides, the value of a firm is no longer solely based on a traditional financial analysis of the asset base and profit margin. The added-value chain converts the definition of value from profit margin alone to the sum of net margin plus brand equity and other intangible assets. (McPhee, 2006) Value chain emphasises on the operation flow. By integrating business process, company can minimise the impact factors and uncontrollable costs, making budgeting goals more scientific and reasonable, more effective budget control, which is good for companys future competitiveness. These critical factors are: Customer Satisfaction – offer high quality products and service to ensure customer loyalty. Innovation – The chain must make sure that their products are developed continuously, and moving with trends and technology. Effective operation –To allocate resources reasonably, resulting in a comprehensive budget management. 3. 2 SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis focuses on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to a business. SWOT is used to identify cultural impediments and advantages and external governmental roles as well as internal company issues. (Helms Nixon, 2010) The purpose of SWOT analysis is to offer an opportunity to the company to balance its strengths against its competitors weaknesses, and optimise its opportunities within the market. Figure 7: SWOT Analysis of AXA. Strengths Opportunities Strong brand name and good financial position Major leaders in casualty and property sectors Worldwide branches Quick response to new technology Good reputation Expansion in more countries More choices for customers Change in politics or economy Weaknesses Threats Stiff competition from other insurance companies Less profits compared to its competitors Products not differentiated Changing government’s regulations Financial crisis like recessions Legal issues Too many insurance companies to choose from 4. Trends From a less scientific perspective, trends can represent the direction an industry is taking. AXA is a company with good reputation around the world. Although there are a lot of competition in the financial service industry, good reputation is the core competitiveness. Besides, there are a variety of products offered by AXA to meet customers need. The most important is that the assets of AXA is continuously increasing according to the annual report. Please see Appendix 4 for the AXA financial statement. 5. Strategy Formulation 5. 1 The BCG growth-share matrix The BCG growth-share matrix analyses the range of products possessed by an organisation (its portfolio) against two criteria: relative market share and market growth. (Lynch, 2006) Figure 8. The BCG growth-share matrix Portfolio analysis is used for making future strategic investment decisions for diversified streams of business for a firm. This analysis will help the corporate firms to do efficient resource allocation for securing future competitive positions. (Srivastava Prakash, 2011) Based on the matrix, AXA could decide which portfolio they should promote. Overall, the general strategy is to take cash from cow to fund stars and invest in future new products that do not even appear on the matrix. Typically in many organisations, the dogs form the largest category and often represent the most difficult strategic decisions. (Lynch, 2006) 5. 2 Corporate strategies There are new and increasing demands on todays organization. Organsations need to have instant access to customers, to colleagues and to highly sophisticated information about their performance. Organisations are required to create increasingly sophisticated products, delivered to increasingly demanding customers, across continually re-forming boundaries. Besides, managers must stay alert for the technological changes that will make products obsolete, service substandard, or prices noncompetitive. Everyone now faces a speed requirement created by a dizzying rate of unpredictable, discontinuous change. (Beyerlein, Freedman, McGee, Moran, 2003) By now, you have a detailed understanding of your business and its operating environment. You can have fun devising a strategy, setting objectives, turning them into an operating plan and documenting it. (Stutely, 2012) It is important to understand the customer, and respond to customer needs Establish the reputation of a product Focus on the companys position in the market. (Return on investment and Risk of losing the investment) New product development Pay attention to the role of government 6. Conclusions AXA is one of the market leaders in the financial service sector. It is performing well despite economic pressure, and it is expanding its portfolio annually. Now customers are very price sensitive, and the products are prone to the threat of substitution. To be more specific, Consumers ultimately hold the power in this market and can very quickly switch the brand without any costs or inconvenience. The key drivers are customers needs and competitive products. Both of these drivers are important to consider when devising future strategies. The critical factors that may influence the performance of AXA are customer satisfaction, new differentiated products and adoption of new technology, along with excellent service and quality of insurance at a competitive price will ensure the good performance. AXA has a bright future, and the brand has a good reputation. After carrying out these strategies, the company could cement its market position and make more profits. 7. Recommendations 1) Continue the expansion into international markets. Continue with the expansion into foreign markets and ensure the business is aware of different cultural market needs. 2) Continue improve and develop its products. New differentiated products are the competitive advantages for the company, which can boost customer loyalty. Develop more complete marketing systems. Company should communicate with customers on a more frequent and tailored basis. To be more specific, to increase personal connection with customers to make them feel respected and cared for. In that way, it can improve customer loyalty and build on existing brand. Besides, companies need some marketing techniques to capture new customer data and analyse it. 4) Take new technology into consideration. Offer relevant product to satisfy customers needs.

Census Interview Essay Example For Students

Census Interview Essay Mike Martin4/27/1999ES 114The four census questions that I asked my interviewee were short in content and in number, but I obtained some valuable information. It seems that in the United States we are eager to classify people according to race. The census form suggests that people belong to one of five general categories. (White, Black, American Indian, Asian or Pacific Islander, or Other.) The form lacks a mixed-race category or an I dont know category. I agree entirely with Websters notion, Perhaps race refers to that which is produced through racial classification. In other words, the fact that everyone seems to fit into a single racial category is the result of the system of racial classification used in the United States. It is not the objective placement of individual human beings in natural biological categories. (1993)Through my interviewing, and the use of the U.S. Bureau of the Census questions, I in turn, created a racial identity for my classmate. The very first question that I asked, What race do you consider yourself to be? seemed to set the stage for a systematic classification. My classmate looked down at his arm, and remarked,Well I am obviously white, as far as I can see He was quick to point this obvious fact out to me. I mentioned the possibility of having some of the other races in his family heritage, but he assured me that he was almost sure that he was entirely European decent. I again mentioned the fact that Europe had a mix of heritage in its people, but once again he commented that this was not likely the case in his family. It seemed that he had thought about, examined, and even sorted this answer before I had even asked the question. I will admit that the Census form did not offer the interviewee many possible answers to this question, and it certainly did not offer him a choice of mixed heritage. My interviewee answered the question of being from Hispanic/Spanish origin with a very definite no. This question clearly ruled out any c hance of mixed heritage. So it seems, that from the view of the government, my subject is strictly white. These two questions clearly racialized him as white. However, the very next question asked him to identify his ancestry or ethnic origin. My interviewee identified himself as German-Irish. It seemed that the more time he had to think about his family, the more diverse his answers would become. He constructed his identity with regards to what his parents had told him growing up. These were the predominant origins of his family; therefore this is what he identified with. I discovered that this was a close-minded way of determining ones social identity. All kinds of problems began to surface. People seem to selectively forget little aspects which they may actually not want to identify with. My interviewee wanted nothing to do with being racially mixed. He wanted to take pride in being a majority German. The Irish that he mentioned was one relative on his mothers side of the family. It really isnt that significant, were his exact words. The only way that he knew for sure that all this identification was correct, was through the words of this parents and grandparents. What if they had left little bits of information out of their stories? What if their parents had left little bits of information out of their stories? My point is that selective forgetting could magnify through generations. I also should note that my interviewee took pride in describing his family life. There is absolutely nothing wrong with this, but he seemed to use it in a different way. He used examples of his familys success and their commitment to bettering their lives as reasons for their success, or rather as an explanation for why they worked so hard. I sensed that he derived pride about his ethnicity from these examples that he provided. I dont see anything wrong with this type of self-esteem, but I thought that he explicitly identified with these factors. My interview confirmed the inte rpertations of sociologist Sharon M. Lee. She points out that four dominant themes prevail in racial classification. .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad , .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .postImageUrl , .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad , .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:hover , .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:visited , .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:active { border:0!important; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:active , .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud7674a99248443bac195704653b2e0ad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Art Institute Culinary Arts Essay Example 1. 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Julius Caesar`s Women Essays - Cultural Depictions Of Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar`s Women Portia and Calpurnia are the two main women in the story of Julius Caesar. They had two totally different parts in the story. One was kind of a servant wife and the other was a equal but not equal wife. Shakespeare shows the two characters as supportive figures but not very important ones. Portia is the wife of Brutus. Portia considers herself as an equal to Brutus. They share a mutual relationship and they both contribute to it. No one is better or considered better. They had shared a perfect relationship up until the point when the conspiracy of killing Caesar started. Portia figured it out pretty easily that something was wrong with Brutus because they had such a close relationship. She begged him to tell her and when Brutus said that he couldn't then she knew that their relations had faded a little. Of course, Brutus ended up telling her what was going on. This quote resembles there relationship. "By all your vows of great love and that great vow Which did incorporate and make us one, That you unfold me, yourself, and your half, Why you are heavy, and what men tonight Have had resort to you;" This quote tells the reader how much she cares for Brutus. Calpurnia on the other hand is the total opposite in the eyes of the husband. She is the wife of Caesar. Caesar treats Calpurnia as if she was the scum level of his servants. He orders her around and never pays any attention to her. One example of this was when she warned and begged him not to go to the capitol that day. She had a feeling that something was going to happen and sure enough did. (Caesar was stabbed by the Senate who had been planning against him.) Therefore, the two important wives in the story had two totally different roles. One was a servant woman and the other was a equal but one that was left out of the most important thing that was ever done by her husband. They were both similar in that they both had husbands that were deeply involved in the conspiracy, and the major difference between them was how they were treated as wives.

Ancient Mayan Warriors and Warfare

Ancient Mayan Warriors and Warfare The Maya were a mighty civilization based in the low, rainy forests of southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize whose culture peaked around 800 A.D. before going into steep decline. Historical anthropologists used to believe the Maya were a peaceful people, who warred upon one another rarely if at all, preferring instead to dedicate themselves to astronomy, building, and other non-violent pursuits. Recent advances in the interpretation of stonework at Maya sites have changed that, however, and the Maya are now considered a very violent, warmongering society. Wars and warfare were important to the Maya for a variety of reasons, including subjugation of neighboring city-states, prestige, and capture of prisoners for slaves and sacrifices. Traditional Pacifist Views of the Maya Historians and cultural anthropologists began seriously studying the Maya in the early 1900s. These first historians were impressed with the great Maya interest in the cosmos and astronomy and their other cultural achievements, such as the Maya calendar and their large trade networks. There was ample evidence of a warlike tendency among the Maya - carved scenes of battle or sacrifice, walled compounds, stone, and obsidian weapon points, etc. - but the early Mayanists ignored this evidence, instead of sticking to their notions of the Maya as a peaceful people. As the glyphs on the temples and stelae began to yield their secrets to dedicated linguists, however, a very different picture of the Maya emerged. The Maya City-States Unlike the Aztecs of Central Mexico and the Inca of the Andes, the Maya were never a single, unified empire organized and administered from a central city. Instead, the Maya were a series of city-states in the same region, linked by language, trade, and certain cultural similarities, but often in lethal contention with one another for resources, power, and influence. Powerful cities like Tikal, Calakmul, and Caracol frequently warred upon one another or upon smaller cities. Small raids into enemy territory were common: attacking and defeating a powerful rival city was rare but not unheard of. The Maya Military Wars and major raids were led by the Ahau or King. Members of the highest ruling class often were military and spiritual leaders of the cities and their capture during battles was a key element of military strategy. It is believed that many of the cities, especially the larger ones, had large, well-trained armies available for attack and defense. It is unknown if the Maya had a professional soldier class as the Aztecs did. Maya Military Goals The Maya city-states went to war with one another for several different reasons. Part of it was military dominance: to bring more territory or vassal states under the command of a larger city. Capturing prisoners was a priority, especially high-ranking ones. These prisoners would be ritually humiliated at the victorious city: sometimes, the battles were played out again in the ball court, with the losing prisoners sacrificed after the â€Å"game.† It is known that some of these prisoners remained with their captors for years before finally being sacrificed. Experts disagree about whether these wars were waged solely for the purpose of taking prisoners, like the famous Flower Wars of the Aztecs. Late in the Classic period, when the warring in the Maya region became much worse, cities would be attacked, looted and destroyed. Warfare and Architecture The Maya penchant for warfare is reflected in their architecture. Many of the major and minor cities have defensive walls, and in the later Classic period, newly-founded cities were no longer established near productive land, as they had been previously, but rather on defensible sites such as hilltops. The structure of the cities changed, with the important buildings all being inside the walls. Walls could be as high as ten to twelve feet (3.5 meters) and were usually made of stone supported by wooden posts. Sometimes the construction of walls seemed desperate: in some cases, walls were built right up to important temples and palaces, and in some cases (notably the Dos Pilas site) important buildings were taken apart for stone for the walls. Some cities had elaborate defenses: Ek Balam in the Yucatan had three concentric walls and the remains of a fourth one in the city center. Famous Battles and Conflicts The best-documented and possibly the most important conflict was the struggle between Calakmul and Tikal in the fifth and sixth centuries. These two powerful city-states were each dominant politically, militarily and economically in their regions, but were also relatively close to one another. They began warring, with vassal cities like Dos Pilas and Caracol changing hands as the power of each respective city waxed and waned. In 562 A.D. Calakmul and/or Caracol defeated the mighty city of Tikal, which fell into a brief decline before regaining its former glory. Some cities were hit so hard that they never recovered, like Dos Pilas in 760 A.D. and Aguateca sometime around 790 A.D. Effects of Warfare on Maya Civilization Between 700 and 900 A.D., most of the important Maya cities in the south and central regions of the Maya civilization went silent, their cities abandoned. The decline of the Maya civilization is still a mystery. Different theories have been proposed, including excessive warfare, drought, plague, climate change and more: some belief in a combination of factors. Warfare almost certainly had something to do with the disappearance of the Maya civilization: by the ​late Classic period wars, battles and skirmishes were quite common and important resources were dedicated to wars and city defenses. Source: McKillop, Heather. The Ancient Maya: New Perspectives. New York: Norton, 2004.

Elephant Toothpaste Chemistry Demonstration

Elephant Toothpaste Chemistry Demonstration The elephant toothpaste chemistry demonstration is a dramatic demo which produces copious amounts of steaming foam that sort of looks like the toothpaste an elephant might use. Heres how to set up this demonstration and a look at the reaction behind it. Elephant Toothpaste Materials The chemical reaction in this demonstration is between the hydrogen peroxide and the potassium iodide solution. The detergent captures the gases to make bubbles. Note the hydrogen peroxide solution is much more concentrated than the kind you can buy at a pharmacy. You can find 30 percent peroxide at a beauty supply store, science supply store, or online. 50-100 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solutionSaturated potassium iodide (KI) solutionLiquid dishwashing detergentFood coloring500 mL graduated cylinderSplint (optional) Safety Wear disposable gloves and safety glasses. Oxygen is evolved in this reaction, so do not perform this demonstration near an open flame. Also, the reaction is exothermic, producing a fair amount of heat, so do not lean over the graduated cylinder when the solutions are mixed. Leave your gloves on following the demonstration to aid with cleanup. The solution and foam may be rinsed down the drain with water. Elephant Toothpaste Procedure Put on gloves and safety glasses. The iodine from the reaction may stain surfaces so you might want to cover your workspace with an open garbage bag or a layer of paper towels.Pour ~50 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide solution into the graduated cylinder.Squirt in a little dishwashing detergent and swirl it around.You can place 5-10 drops of food coloring along the wall of the cylinder to make the foam resemble striped toothpaste.Add ~10 mL of potassium iodide solution. Do not lean over the cylinder when you do this, as the reaction is very vigorous and you may get splashed or possibly burned by steam.You may touch a glowing splint to the foam to relight it, indicating the presence of oxygen. Variations of the Elephant Toothpaste Demonstration You can add 5 grams of starch to the hydrogen peroxide. When the potassium iodide is added, the resulting foam will have light and dark patches from the reaction of some of the starch to form triiodide.You can use yeast instead of potassium iodide. Foam is produced more slowly, but you can add a fluorescent dye to this reaction to produce elephant toothpaste that will glow very brightly under a black light.You can color the demonstration and make it into an Elephant Toothpaste Christmas Tree for the holidays.There is also a kid-friendly version of the elephant toothpaste demo that is safe for hands. Elephant Toothpaste Chemistry The overall equation for this reaction is: 2 H2O2(aq) → 2 H2O(l) O2(g) However, the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen is catalyzed by the iodide ion. H2O2(aq) I-(aq) → OI-(aq) H2O(l) H2O2(aq) OI-(aq) → I-(aq) H2O(l) O2(g) The dishwashing detergent captures the oxygen as bubbles. Food coloring can color the foam. The heat from this exothermic reaction is such that the foam may steam. If the demonstration is performed using a plastic bottle, you can expect slight distortion of the bottle from the heat. Elephant Toothpaste Experiment Fast Facts Materials 30% Hydrogen PeroxideConcentrated potassium iodide solution OR packet of dry yeastLiquid dishwashing detergentFood coloring (optional)Starch (optional) Concepts Illustrated This demonstration illustrates exothermic reactions, chemical changes, catalysis, and decomposition reactions. Usually the demo is performed less to discuss the chemistry and more to raise interest in chemistry. It is one of the easiest and most dramatic chemistry demonstrations available. Time Required The reaction is instantaneous. Set-up can be completed in under half an hour. Level The demonstration is suitable for all age groups, particularly to raise interest in science and chemical reactions. Because the hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizer and because heat is generated by the reaction, the demonstration is best performed by a science teacher with chemical experience. It should not be performed by unsupervised children.